One day while working on a task with another engineer, we needed to take the square root of a rather large number and both of us had momentarily misplaced our calculators. “Okay”, I said. “It'll just ...

We present a novel idea to compute square roots over finite fields, without being given any quadratic nonresidue, and without assuming any unproven hypothesis. The algorithm is deterministic and the ...

We give new algorithms for the computation of square roots and reciprocals of power series in C║x║ If M(n) denotes the cost of multiplying polynomials of degree n, the square root to order n costs ...