Background A 23-year-old white woman with a 3-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus and a 15-month history of lupus nephritis and retinal vasculitis was successfully treated with antibiotics ...

This article explores the central nervous system, focusing on the structure and function of the diencephalon, brain stem and cerebellum, as well as the spinal cord. This is a Self-assessment article ...

This article, which is the second of a six-part series on the nervous system, considers the structure and key functions of the brain, starting with the cerebrum. This article, the second of a series ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

Injured axons instruct Schwann cells to build specialized actin spheres to break down and remove axon fragments, thereby starting the regeneration process. Damaged peripheral nerves can regenerate ...

Secondary CNS lymphoma happens when non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma spreads to the brain, spinal cord, or eyes. Its symptoms depend on the areas of the CNS that are affected. The outlook for people with this ...